What long-distance navigation system is utilized by ships to obtain a position fix at sea?

The long-distance navigation system used by ships to obtain a position fix at sea is Global Positioning System (GPS). GPS is a satellite-based navigation system that allows users to determine their exact position (latitude, longitude, and altitude) anywhere on Earth, provided they have a clear view of the sky. It is widely used in maritime navigation due to its high accuracy, global coverage, and real-time data availability.

While LORAN (Long Range Aid to Navigation) has historically been used for long-distance navigation, it has been largely phased out in favor of GPS due to advancements in technology and the reliability of satellite-based systems. Piloting is a method of navigating using landmarks or navigational aids in proximity to the vessel and is not applicable for long-distance navigation at sea. Tactical navigation refers to navigation techniques employed during military operations and does not specifically pertain to standard maritime navigation practices.

Therefore, GPS is the most efficient and contemporary solution for obtaining precise position fixes for vessels navigating over long distances at sea.