What phenomenon occurs in a tuned circuit involving inductance and capacitance?

In a tuned circuit, which comprises both inductance and capacitance, the phenomenon of resonance occurs. Resonance is the condition where the circuit is driven at its natural frequency. This results in maximum energy transfer between the inductor and capacitor, leading to a significant increase in the circuit's voltage and current oscillations at that specific frequency.

When the inductive and capacitive reactances cancel each other out, the circuit can selectively amplify certain frequencies while attenuating others. At resonance, the impedance of the circuit reaches its minimum value, allowing maximum current to flow. This unique behavior makes tuned circuits essential in applications like radio transmitters and receivers, where the ability to select specific frequencies is crucial.

While capacitance is a component of the circuit, it alone does not define the interaction between inductor and capacitor. Impedance represents the total opposition to current flow, and frequency modulation refers to varying the frequency of a signal, which are not the phenomena specifically at play in tuned circuits. Therefore, resonance is the correct and relevant phenomenon observed in circuits involving both inductance and capacitance.